Tests (ASTM METHOD)
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Definition
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Melting Points
D-87 |
Cooling Curve |
D-127 |
Drop Point |
D-938 |
Congealing |
AMP |
Melt Point |
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D-87 is used for paraffin waxes only; D-127 for micro waxes and wax blends; D-938 for petrolatums AMP=D-87 + 3 ºF.
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Penetration
D-1321 Needle Penetration
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A measure of wax Hardness; higher penetration value indicates a softer wax. Penetration temperatures normally used are 77ºF, 100ºF and 110ºF. If no temperature is specified you may assume 77ºF. |
Viscosity
D-88 |
Saybolt |
D-445 |
Kinematic |
D-2161 |
Conversions |
|
A measure of fluidity or pumpability of liquid wax usually determined at 210ºF. The D-445 method is normally used and the results converted to SUS. Paraffin waxes typically test 40 SUS and micros are usually 75 SUS and above. |
Oil Content
D-721 Oil Content
|
That component of a wax or waxblends which is extractable with MEK. Low oil content (<1.0%) indicates fully refined wax, higher oil contents indicate semi-refined (>1.0%) and scale grade (>2.0%). |
Color
D-1500 D-156 Saybolt
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D-156 method is used for testing water-white paraffin; D-1500 test is used for waxes having a yellow and darker color - typically micros. |
Odor
D-1833, Odor Rating D-1832, Peroxide No.
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D-1833 is a numerical rating for odor intensity; D-1832 is quantitative measure of oxidation. |
Block Point
D-1465, Block Temperature
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The Minimum temperature at which two pieces of waxed paper stick together when in intimate contact. |
Gas Chromatography |
An instrumental method of determining carbon number distribution of components in a wax by distillation from a substrate. |